Aiming at the problem that the wind energy utilization of vertical axis wind turbines is slightly lower than that of horizontal axis wind power,a new wind turbine based on Senegalese (Senegal) type wind turbine was proposed. Firstly, the curvature of the rotor blades was optimized using the Bessel curve function and modeled using the SOLIDWORKS software, resulting in four different curvature curves for the blades; Secondly, the parameters such as wind energy utilization, moment coefficient, and their pressure distribution and velocity distribution plots at different tip speed ratios were compared and analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, and their wake characteristics were also compared; Finally, an experimental platform was built to verify the rationality of the simulation. The results show that the optimized blade type effectively improves the wind energy utilization of the modified Senegal drag type vertical axis wind turbine, and the A4 type blade has a high wind energy utilization of 26.31%, which is about 36% higher than that of the A1 type wind turbine.The designed novel wind turbine structure has superior power generation performance, which provides some reference for program design in the field of vertical axis wind turbines.