In order to control the quality of Polygala telephioides herba， a method is established for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the herba. Firstly, a TLC method is developed for qualitative detection of Polygala telephioides. Then, with home-made Telephenone B as comparison product and Mangiferin as the reference substance, the relative correlation factor (RCF) of Telephenone B and Mangiferin is determined. The contents are determined by HPLC combined with the quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS), and the calculated value of QAMS is compared with the measured result to verify the veracity and feasibility of the QAMS method. The results show that the TLC spots are clear and easy to judge. Mangiferin and Telephenone B show good linear relationship in the range of 0.2~1.4 μg (r=0.999 9), 0.13~0.91 μg (r=0.999 4), respectively. The established relative correlation factor shows good reproducibility, and there is no significant difference between the content result calculated by RCF and the content result determined by external standard method. This method is accurate, feasible, and can be used for the quality control of Polygala telephioides herba.