Nanoscale apparatus will be failed soon during the sliding contact process because of adhesive wear, which makes nanoscale apparatus hard to be widely used in practice. Surface to volume ratio is reduced to improve wear characteristics of surface texture. During the reciprocating sliding contacts, atoms on the contact surfaces are moved, and contact conditions vary all the time, which makes studies on nanoscale wear mechnism in reciprocating sliding contacts of textured surfaces more difficult. The recent development of the experimental investigations and numerical methods for the aboving problems is given in this paper. Some experimental results on nanoscale wear mechnism in reciprocating sliding contacts of textured surfaces are introduced. The parameters and other factors which affect the friction or wear characteristics are also discussed, and the limits of experimental studies are analyzed. The development of molecular dynamics simulation on this problem is given. The history of multiscale method is introduced in detail, and the reciprocating sliding contacts of textured surfaces solved by multiscale method are shown as examples. Finally, the future development trend on reciprocating sliding contact problems is outlined.