In order to investigate the lubrication performance of alcohols under high loads and fast speeds conditions, especially the relationship between carbon-chain length and hydroxyl number and lubrication performance, the influence of carbon-chain length of monohydric alcohols and hydroxyl number of polyhydric alcohols on their lubricity was well investigated. The tribological properties of a series of alcohols were investigated by a four-ball tribological machine, and the effects of the length of carbon-chain length and the number of hydroxyl on their lubricating properties were investigated by means of viscometer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman. Experiments show that with increasing the carbon-chain length of monohydric alcohols, the run-in stages and the time for achieving stable friction coefficient were shorted, the wear was reduced (a mixmum 34% reduction); with the increase of the hydroxyl number of polyhydric alcohols, which results in reducing wear(21% and 54% reduction, respectively), no obvious run-in stage, the fluctuation of friction coefficient for ethylene glycol and continuously reducing of friction coefficient for glycerol. It was found that friction-induc ed graphene superior to amorphous carbon was effectively conducive to making the tribosystem achieve the stable friction coefficient and shorting run-in stage.