Microalgae are the focus in the scientific research and technical development since many valuable products, including astaxanthin, lutein, high-unsaturated fatty acids and lipids, etc. could accumulate in Microalgae cells and Microalgae cultivation shows the advantages of high photosynthesis efficiency, good environmental adaptability, fast growth etc. However, cell disruption is the key step to the product recovery process. In this review, the characteristics of three microalgae are discussed, and then cell disruption strategies, including ball mill, homogenizer, hydrodynamic cavitation, ultrasonication, microwave and electromagnetic wave, pulsed electric field disruption, steam explosion, hydrothermal liquefaction, ionic liquids, nano particles, oxidation, and biological disruption, are discussed on the current situation and trends in scientific research and technical development in order to promote the commercial utilization of microalgae.