With the development of electronic chip technology, circuit systems gradually become high integrated and intelligent. Under the interface of complex electromagnetic field environment, the requirements for the stability and reliability of information electronic system are getting more and more urgent. The autonomous fault-tolerant capability and reliability of the circuit system are faced with new challenges in circuit design. In order to improve the anti-interference ability of circuit under bad condition, an improved evolutionary algorithm is proposed in this paper. The obtained evolutionary efficiency factor after analyses is taken as the influence factor of the algorithm, and it will be introduced into the fitness function of the algorithm to improve the algorithm. In the experiment of redundant circuit system, compared with the traditional evolutionary algorithm and adaptive algorithm, the average fault-free probability of the evolutionary algorithm introducing evolutionary efficiency factor is obviously improved in the single point short circuit and open circuit fault conditions. Therefore the circuit has better robustness and fault tolerance. The result shows that the reliability and validity of the improved evolutionary algorithm.